乃格什板迪耶门宦的11个原则

橄榄枝

The following eleven principles show the exercise-aims of the Tariqat Naqshbandiya. The first eight were formulated by Khwaja Abd al-Khaliq al-Ghujdawani, and the last three were added by Khwaja Bahauddin Naqshband.
Yad Kard
Remembrance, or making mention. Both oral and mental. Be always repeating the Dhikr imparted to you so that you may attain the beatific vision. Khwaja Bahauddin Naqshband said, "The aim in Dhikr is that the heart be always aware of al-Haqq [The Truth, a Beautiful Name of Allah], for its practice banished inattention."
Baz Gasht
Restraint. The person saying the Dhikr, when engaging in the heart-repetition of the blessed phrase [shahada] should intersperse it with such phrases as "my God you are my Goal and your satisfaction is my aim", to help to keep one's thoughts form straying. Other masters say that it means 'return' or 'repent', i.e, return to al-Haqq by way of contrition [inkisar].
Nigah Dasht
Watchfulness. Over wandering, passing thoughts when repeating the blessed phrase.
Yad Dasht
Recollection. Concentration upon the Divine Presence in a condition of Dhawq [zoq], foretaste, intuitive anticipation or perceptiveness, not using external aids.
Hosh dar dam
Awareness while breathing. The technique of breath control. Said Khwaja Bahauddin Naqshband, "The external basis of this tariqa is the breath." One must not exhale in forgetfulness or inhale in forgetfulness.
Safar dar watan
Journeying in one's homeland. This is an interior journey, the movement from blameworthy to praiseworthy qualities. Others refer to it as the vision or revelation of the hidden side of the Shahada.
Nazar bar qadam
Watching one's steps. Let the salik [pilgrim] ever be watchful during his journey, whatever the type of country through which he is passing that he does not let his gaze be distracted from the goal of his journey.
Khalwat dar anjuman
Solitude in a crowd. The journey of the salik, though outwardly it is in the world, inwardly it is with God. Leaders of the Tariqa have said,"In this tariqa association is in the crowd [assembly] and disassociation in the khalwa." A common weekly practice was to perform the dhikr in the assembly.
Wuquf-e zamani
Temporal pause. Keeping account of how one is spending one's time, whether rightly and if so give thanks, or wrongly- and if so asking for forgiveness, according to the ranking of the deeds, for "verily the good deeds of the righteous are the iniquities of those who are near [to God]."
Wuquf-e adadi
Numerical pause. Checking that the heart dhikr [said in the heart, silently] has been repeated the requisite number of times, taking into account one's wandering thoughts. The Rashahat mentions that Khwaja Bahauddin Naqshband considered numerical awareness the first stage of esoteric knowlege.
Wuquf-e qalbi
Heart pause. Forming a mental picture of one's heart with the name of Allah engraved thereon, to emphasize that the heart has no consciousness or goal other than God. This is the meaning of the word "Naqshband".

橄榄枝

下面的11个原则显示乃格什班迪道统实践的目标。前八个是由Khwaja Abd al-Khaliq al-Ghujdawani阐述的。后三个是由伯哈文丁 乃格什班迪补充的

Yad Kard

记忆，或者提说。精神和口头上都是。经常重复授予你的the Dhikr（可能是赞词或者叫守头）以便你获得美妙的感觉。Khwaja伯哈文丁 乃格什班迪说：“the Dhikr的目的是经常不断的意识到al-Haqq（真实的，优美的真主之名），因为这种实践可以驱逐疏忽。”

Baz Gasht

克制。念the Dhikr（赞词）的修道者，当他的心不断的重复可颂的短语[shahada]，比如“我的主啊，你是我的目标，你的满意是我的目的”时，可以帮助阻止一个人的思想偏离。其他导师说它意味着‘回归’或者‘忏悔’，比如通过忏悔回归到al-Haqq。

Nigah Dash

警觉。当重复可颂的赞词时，超越了过度的散漫。

Yad Dasht

回忆。在Dhawq [zoq]，预示，直觉预料或者理解的情况下，集中到神圣的存在上，不需要外界的帮助。

Hosh dar dam

当呼吸的时候知晓。控制呼吸的技巧。Khwaja伯哈文丁 乃格什班迪说：“道统的外部基础就是呼吸。”一个人如果遗忘就不必呼气，如果遗忘就不要吸气。

橄榄枝

Safar dar watan
在家乡里旅行。这是一种内部的旅行，从一种该受责备品性的走到可夸赞的品性上。其他人指出它是作为the Shahada.的隐藏的一面的可视或者显示。

Nazar bar qadam
观察人们的步伐。在他“旅行”期间让the salik [修道者]经常观察，无论经过了什么样的“旅行”，不让他从“旅行”的目的中处于心烦意乱中。

Khalwat dar anjuman
在人们中心灵独处。the salik （修道者）的旅行，虽然表面上他在世界上，内心他和真主同在。the Tariqa（道统）的领导者说过：“这个道统联合者人们并且分离着the khalwa”常有的周期的练习是在集体中履行the dhikr（赞词）。

Wuquf-e zamani
暂时的停顿。观看某人是怎么读过时间的，如果合理的则给予鼓励和表扬；如果是不合理则根据行为的等级请求原谅，因为“对于那些近主的人来讲，确实正当的好的行为是不公正的（此处非常疑惑）”

Wuquf-e adadi
次数的中止
检查心的dhikr（记主）[默默的对着心念]已经被重复了必须够的次数，考虑思想偏离游荡。The Rashahat 提到Khwaja伯哈文丁乃格什班迪认为次数的意识是深奥知识的第一步。

Wuquf-e qalbi
心的停止。修道者把真主的尊名雕刻在心的图画上，强调除过真主之外，心没有意识和目的。（强调心的意识也目的只为真主）这就是单词“Naqshband”的意义。

子龙